Question Paper | UPHJS (Main) 2009 | Uttar Pradesh Higher Judicial Service (Written) Exam- 2009

Uttar Pradesh Higher Judicial Service (Main Written) Examination- 2009

Language

1. Write an essay in English on any of the following topics:-

(a) The crises of India is the crises of character
(b) "Sweet are the usage of adversity" explain and expand
(c) Role of Science in crime detection and crime prevention
(d) Secularism in the Constitution of India

2. Give precis of following passage in English in about 150 words and also give a suitable title-

The individual is the passenger in the chariot of the material body, and intelligence is the driver. Mind is the driving instrument, and the senses are the horses. The self is thus the enjoyer or sufferer in the association of the mind and senses. So, it is understood by great thinkers.

The individual consciousness or the life particle is compared to the passanger because he is the chief occupant and thus enjoyer or the sufferer of the journey. The horses indicate the senses that always drag the chariot of the human body to the object of the senses. Intelligence is compared to the driver because the driver employes necessary discrimination for a successful and comfortable journey. Reins are compared to the mind because they are directly connected to the horses (senses) and are guided by the driver (intelligence). An able driver (intelligence) takes to properly guide the chariot towards the destination by discrimination. In this way the passenger or the soul can reach the desired destination by proper use of all the faculties. On the other hand, if any of the faculties are not controlled and coordinated properly in the hierarchy, sooner or later there may be an accident.

Many spritual traditions of the world, specifically the Vedic tradition of India have proclaimed that consciousness is a distinct reality in nature other than particles and waves. Some modern scientists have also supported this ancient wisdom. For example, Thomas Huxley remarked, "It seems to me pretty plain that there is a third thing, in the universe, to wit, consciousness, which ... I of either." Similar observation is echoed in the words of the renowned physicist, Eugene Wigene Wigner, who stated, "There are two kinds of reality or, existence; the existence of my consciousness and the reality or existence of everything else."

According to Vedanta, human activities are carried out by the will of the conscious life particle, which is then translated through the intelligence and mind to the human body. Mind interacts with body through the brain. The brain is like the central processing unit of a computer where all signals for activities come in and also go out, but it functions according to the will of the programmer. John Eccles suggested phycon as the fundamental unit of the mind and it interacts with the brain through dendrons. Karl Pribram has suggested that psychon is something like a Gabor function, a wave function. However, Vedanta indicates that the life particle lies beyond particle and intelligence is a highly complex interaction and may well lie beyond the scope of modern science.

It will be natural that modern biologists and biochemists should include the study of consciousness in their research works. The field should not be left mainly to the neuroscientists, quantum physicsts, psychologists and philosophers only.

3. Translate the following passage into English-

वकालत शिल्प नहीं वरन एक आजीविका है; एक ऐसा व्यवसाय जिसमें कर्तव्य के प्रति निष्ठां उसका प्रमाण चिह्न है। कर्तव्य पालन के प्रति सत्यनिष्ठा और उद्यम की तत्परता दो ऐसे बाजू हैं जो अधिवक्ता को सफलता के शिखर पर पहुँचने के लिए मार्ग प्रशस्त करते हैं। यदि इन गुणों को छोड़ दिया जाये तो अन्य विशेषताएं अपना ही मार्ग अपनाएंगी। यही कारण है कि विधि-व्यवसाय को एक उत्कृष्ट व्यवसाय माना जाता है। किन्तु इस व्यवसाय की कमजोरियों को हावी होने नहीं दिया जा सकता। यहाँ उस अवतरण को उद्घृत करना लाभप्रद होगा जिसमें शेरसवुड ने इस व्यवसाय के सम्बन्ध में अपना मत व्यक्त किया है-

"कोई अधिवक्ता (वकील), अत्यधिक उत्कृष्ट सत्यनिष्ठा के बिना, क्षणिक आभा के साथ चमक सकता है, किन्तु उसकी यह चमक तुरंत ही एक अँधेरे में छिप जायेगी। विशिष्ट गुणों द्वारा उत्कर्ष तक पहुंचना प्रत्येक व्यक्ति की शक्ति में नहीं होता। कुछ अपवादों को छोड़कर प्रतिष्ठा, सक्षमता और उपयोगिता प्राप्त करना प्रत्येक व्यक्ति की शक्ति में नहीं होता। वे लालच, जिनमें कोई युवक अपने व्यावसायिक जीवन के आरम्भ में अभिभूत रहता है विशेष रूप से उस दशा में यदि वह अपने जीवन यापन (निर्वाह) के लिए उस व्यवसाय पर पूरी तरह निर्भर हो, बहुत अधिक होते है। सत्यनिष्ठा और सम्मान के कठोरतम सिद्धांत ही केवल उसके रक्षक होते हैं। यदि उसे सत्य या ऋजुता (निष्पक्षता) से भटकते या डगमगाते हुए अपना जीवन आरम्भ करने दिया जाए तो वह यह पायेगा कि उसकी बाबत कुछ जानने से पहले ही उसका चरित्र नष्ट हो चुका है। ऐसा निस्संदेह अपूर्णीय रूप से नष्ट नहीं हो जाता बल्कि उसे अपना दृढ आधार बनाने में समर्थ होने के लिए अनेकों वर्ष भी लग जायेंगे। ........."

4. Translate the following passage into Hindi-

The exploration of the new principles are essential in those areas not before explored; more so when the old principles are found to be not responding to the unresolved and unforeseen modern challenges or to have become inapplicable to the new situations or found to be unsound. At the same time, it is not to be lost sight of that in the above institutional task, the Court does not create any new right not known to the constitutional text or history but merely discovers and announces only the existing right so far hidden under the surface on a better understanding of the values of the underlining intent and spirit of the Constitution in the light of a new set of conditions. The resultant corollary would be that the old legal concept and such principles may be swept away by a new concept and under a new set of conditions or a fresh outlook.

The proposition that the provisions of the Constitution must be confined only to the interpretation which the Framers, with the condition and outlook of their time would have placed upon them is not acceptable and is liable to be rejected for more than on reason- firstly, some of the current issues could not have been forseen; secondly, others would not have been discussed and thirdly, still others may be left over as controversial issues, i.e. termed as deferred issues with conflicting intentions. Beyond these reas not easy or possible to decipher as to what were the factors that influenced the mind of the Framers at the time of framing th Constitution when it is juxtaposed to the present time. Thw inevitable truth is that law is not static and immutable but ever increasingly dynamic and grows with the ongoing passage of time.

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